The Manor of Princes Risborough - Revision history

Joan at 10:16, 19 January 2024

2024-01-19T10:16:31Z

Joan at 15:26, 5 September 2023

2023-09-05T15:26:37Z

Joan at 10:31, 2 May 2023

2023-05-02T10:31:06Z

Joan at 20:06, 1 March 2022

2022-03-01T20:06:11Z

Joan at 10:02, 29 October 2021

2021-10-29T10:02:58Z

Joan at 10:22, 30 September 2021

2021-09-30T10:22:11Z

Joan at 17:11, 16 September 2021

2021-09-16T17:11:48Z

Joan at 17:06, 16 September 2021

2021-09-16T17:06:59Z

Joan at 17:01, 16 September 2021

2021-09-16T17:01:23Z

Joan at 15:14, 14 May 2021

2021-05-14T15:14:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:16, 19 January 2024
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		+	Click [[Princes Risborough]] for Domesday Map
		+
	Researched by Joan West		Researched by Joan West

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 The  Manor stretched from Ilmer in the north-west to Speen and Lacey Green in the south-east.
-The [[Lord of the Manor]] had always been the monarchs of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
+[[The Lords of the Manor of Princes Risborough]]  had always been the monarchs of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
-In 1343 King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “[[The Black Prince]]”.   He had a stud farm in Princes Risborough where his war horses were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
+'''In 1343''' King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “The Black Prince”.   He had a stud farm in Princes Risborough where his war horses were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
-King Edward VI, before he died in 1553, had given the Manor to his sister Princess Elizabeth, who became [[Queen Elizabeth]] in 1558. She remained Lord of the Manor till her death in 1603.
+'''King Edward VI, before he died in 1553''', had given the Manor to his sister Princess Elizabeth, who became Queen Elizabeth  in 1558. She remained Lord of the Manor till her death in1603.
 '''1628 SOLD BY KING CHARLES Ist.'''

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 The  Manor stretched from Ilmer in the north-west to Speen and Lacey Green in the south-east.
@@ Line 43: / Line 45: @@
 '''FARM CLOSES (Fields)'''
-All the farms had closes (fields) for arable or grass near the farmhouses.   The land on the hills was very poor, and there were no springs.  There were dew ponds.   No dairy cattle were kept, as there was not sufficient water.    All farms had the right to [[arable strips]] in the [[open fields]] of better land, owned and run by the Manor.
+All the farms had closes (fields) for arable or grass near the farmhouses.   The land on the hills was very poor, and there were no springs.  There were dew ponds.   No dairy cattle were kept, as there was not sufficient water.    All farms had the right to arable strips in the open fields of better land, owned and run by the Manor.
 '''THE OPEN FIELD for ARABLE CROPS'''
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 '''INCLOSURE ORDERS APPROVED'''
-Applications were made to Parliament for Enclosure Orders to be approved.   Once done, the strips went, the fields were fenced or hedged round and owned by men who could work them properly, choose which crops to grow.   Turnips, mangold-wurzels, turnips to produce winter feed for cattle could enable stock to be kept all year round.   Without any doubt production increased and crops and livestock improved out of recognition.   The enclosures had been happening for over a hundred years by 1800 a.d, and by then most of England had been enclosed.
+Applications were made to Parliament for Enclosure Orders to be approved.   Once done, the strips went, the fields were fenced or hedged round and owned by men who could work them properly, choose which crops to grow.   Turnips, mangold-wurzels, turnips to produce winter feed for cattle could enable stock to be kept all year round.   Without any doubt production increased and crops and livestock improved out of recognition.   The enclosures had been happening for over a hundred years by 1800 a.d., and by then most of England had been enclosed.
 '''PRINCES RISBOROUGH WAS ALL BEHIND''' '''in 1800'''

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-The  Manor stretched from Ilmer in the north-west to [[Speen]] and [[Lacey Green]] in the south-east.
+The  Manor stretched from Ilmer in the north-west to Speen and Lacey Green in the south-east.
-The [[Lord of the Manor]] had always been the [[King]]<nowiki/>s of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
+The [[Lord of the Manor]] had always been the monarchs of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
-In 1343 King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “[[The Black Prince]]”.   He had a stud farm in [[Princes Risborough]] where his [[war horse]]<nowiki/>s were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
+In 1343 King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “[[The Black Prince]]”.   He had a stud farm in Princes Risborough where his war horses were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
 King Edward VI, before he died in 1553, had given the Manor to his sister Princess Elizabeth, who became [[Queen Elizabeth]] in 1558. She remained Lord of the Manor till her death in 1603.

@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 The Pentons of Winchester and Princes Risborough were Lords of the Manor from 1692 to 1766.
 '''THE GRUBB FAMILY'''
-From 1766 the Grubb family were Lords of the Manor until the Enclosures of Princes Risborough in 1823.
+The Grubb family were Lords of the Manor until the Enclosures of Princes Risborough in 1823.
 '''PRE 1823 RURAL ENGLAND '''

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 acres and a half abutting Gylton`s piece called Copye-way
-One half of an acre near Akenell-way
+One half of an acre near Akenell-way ([[Icknield Way]])
 acres called Copeland near Longhead
@@ Line 145: / Line 145: @@
 acres east of Purtewell  ([[Pyrtle Spring]])
-acres called Purtewell-head
+acres called Purtewell-head ([[Pyrtle Spring]])
-acres west of Holloway
+acres west of [[Holloway]]
 acres each of the same

@@ Line 119: / Line 119: @@
 '''OLD ALLOTMENTS'''
-All the cottages, gardens, and orchards already occupied stayed in the same occupancy, either freehold or copyhold as the case might be.   Those copyhold in effect were franchised to the Manor.
+All the cottages, gardens, and orchards already occupied stayed in the same occupancy, either freehold or copyhold as the case might be.   Those copyhold in effect were franchised to the Manor.   They had to be [[enfranchised]] to become freehold.
 '''NEW ALLOTMENTS'''

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 '''TENANTS OF THE MANOR'''
-All the manor properties and land were leased out.  The rents going to the Manor.    In order to be accepted as a tenant it was necessary to attend one of the Manor Court Sessions and apply to be admitted.    Some tenants held considerable amounts of land.   They could leave a tenancy in their will, the new owner then had to get approved.   Some tenants did not even live locally, but would sub let.   Some premises were sub sub let, as long as the court approved.
+All the manor properties and land were leased out.  The rents going to the Manor.    In order to be accepted as a tenant it was necessary to attend one of the Manor Court Sessions and apply to be admitted.    Some tenants held considerable amounts of land.   They could leave a tenancy in their will, the new lease owner then had to get approved.   Some tenants did not even live locally, but would sub let, and again the new lease holder had to be accepted by the Manor   Some premises were sub sub let, as long as the court approved.
 '''LORD GEORGE HENRY CAVENDISH'''
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 All the people who had rights to strips in the open arable fields were allotted alternative pieces of land near to their homes.   Most of these were copyhold.
-'''NEW ROADS, PRIVATE ROADS to ISOLATED PROPERIES, BRIDLEWAYS, FOOTWAYS and PUBLIC PONDS WERE ALL LISTED.  ''' Every new allotment had to be fenced by the occupier
+'''[[NEW ROADS]], [[PRIVATE ROADS]] to ISOLATED PROPERIES, [[BRIDLEWAYS]], [[FOOTWAYS]] and [[PUBLIC PONDS]] WERE ALL LISTED.  ''' Every new allotment had to be fenced by the occupier
 '''Demesnes of the Manor of Princes Risborough in 1558'''

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-The Manor stretched from Ilmer in the west to Speen and Lacey Green in the east.
+The  Manor stretched from Ilmer in the north-west to [[Speen]] and [[Lacey Green]] in the south-east.
-The Lords of the Manor had always been the Kings of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
+The [[Lord of the Manor]] had always been the [[King]]<nowiki/>s of England long before 1066, when William of Normandy came to the throne.
-In 1343 King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “The Black Prince”.   He had a stud farm in Princes Risborough where his war horses were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
+In 1343 King Edward III gave the Manor to his son, known as “The Black Prince”.   He had a stud farm in [[Princes Risborough]] where his [[war horse]]<nowiki/>s were bred.  He died before his father so never became King.
-King Edward VI, before he died in 1553, had given the Manor to his sister Princess Elizabeth, who became Queen Elizabeth in 1558. She remained Lord of the Manor till her death in 1603.
+King Edward VI, before he died in 1553, had given the Manor to his sister Princess Elizabeth, who became [[Queen Elizabeth]] in 1558. She remained Lord of the Manor till her death in 1603.
 '''1628 SOLD BY KING CHARLES Ist.'''
-In 1628 King Charles Ist conveyed the Manor of Princes Risborough to the City of London to go towards debts incurred by the Crown and in 1637 it was conveyed to the Chibnall family.   Mrs Chibnall, one of the Lords of the Manor of Princes Risborough, set up various charities.
+In 1628 King Charles Ist conveyed the Manor of Princes Risborough to the City of London to go towards debts incurred by the Crown and in 1637 it was conveyed to the Chibnall family.   Mrs [[Chibnall,]] one of the Lords of the Manor of Princes Risborough, set up various charities.
 '''COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION'''.   From this time on the Manor passed from one wealthy family to another as straightforward commercial transactions.
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 '''BRUSHWOOD COVERED HILLS'''
-It would appear that after the Chibnall family became Lords of the Manor from 1637, followed by the Abraham’s then the Adeane’s, many alterations took place in Lacey Green.   Prior to then, the lettings had been for woods and scrubland, which if cleared, quickly reverted to scrub, primarily with hawthorn.   In fact the ‘Old English’ for ‘Risborough’ is ‘Brushwood covered hills’
+It would appear that after the Chibnall family became Lords of the Manor from 1637, followed by the Abraham’s then the Adeane’s, many alterations took place in Lacey Green.   Prior to then, the lettings had been for [[woods]] and [[scrub]]<nowiki/>land, which if cleared, quickly reverted to scrub, primarily with hawthorn.   In fact the ‘Old English’ for ‘Risborough’ is ‘Brushwood covered hills’
 '''FARMHOUSES BUILT'''
-During the mid - 1600’s, several farmhouses were built, land cleared and dew-ponds made.   The result was that Kiln Farm, Stocken Farm, Speen Farm, Grymsdyke Farm, and Row Farm (Wardrobes Farm), were established.   As all this land belonged to the Lords of the Manor, they must have been involved in all this development''. (Ed.   It is research that is on-going.)''
+During the mid - 1600’s, several farmhouses were built, land cleared and dew-ponds made.   The result was that [[Kiln Farm]], [[Stocken Farm]], [[Speen Farm]], [[Grymsdyke Farm]], and Row Farm ([[Wardrobes Farm (Row Farm)|Wardrobes Farm]]), were established.   As all this land belonged to the Lords of the Manor, they must have been involved in all this development''. (Ed.   It is research that is on-going.)''
 '''THE PENTON FAMILY'''
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 '''PRE 1823 RURAL ENGLAND '''
-At the beginning of the 18<sup>th</sup> century the population of England was estimated at just under 5,500,000 of which over 4,000,000 were rural.    It was virtually impossible to travel except on foot as the roads were mostly rough tracks, the farmer might get  to the nearby market town and the squire ride out on his horse but the majority of the  people lived in their own small world.
+At the beginning of the 18<sup>th</sup> century the population of England was estimated at just under 5,500,000 of which over 4,000,000 were rural.    It was virtually impossible to travel except on foot as the [[roads]] were mostly [[rough tracks]], the farmer might get  to the nearby market town and the squire ride out on his horse but the majority of the  people lived in their own small world.
-'''LOOSLEY ROW, LACEY GREEN & SPEEN''' were tiny hamlets.  They were called the "Upper Hamlets of Princes Risborough".   There were the farms, established in the 1600’s, but they too belonged to the Manor.  Much of Lacey Green & the higher part of Loosley Row was actually the Common of Princes Risborough, where the farmers of Risborough brought their stock up a driftway to graze.   It was not for the use of the locals.
+'''LOOSLEY ROW, LACEY GREEN & SPEEN''' were tiny hamlets.  They were called the "[[Upper Hamlets]] of Princes Risborough".   There were the farms, established in the 1600’s, but they too belonged to the Manor.  Much of Lacey Green & the higher part of Loosley Row was actually the [[Common of Princes Risborough]], where the farmers of Risborough brought their stock up a [[driftway]] to graze.   It was not for the use of the locals.
 '''FARM CLOSES (Fields)'''
-All the farms had closes (fields) for arable or grass near the farmhouses.   The land on the hills was very poor, and there were no springs.  There were dew ponds.   No dairy cattle were kept, as there was not sufficient water.    All farms had the right to arable strips in the open fields of better land, owned and run by the Manor.
+All the farms had closes (fields) for arable or grass near the farmhouses.   The land on the hills was very poor, and there were no springs.  There were dew ponds.   No dairy cattle were kept, as there was not sufficient water.    All farms had the right to [[arable strips]] in the [[open fields]] of better land, owned and run by the Manor.
 '''THE OPEN FIELD for ARABLE CROPS'''
@@ Line 67: / Line 67: @@
 '''WINTER FUEL'''
-All the parishioners were entitled to collect fallen wood from the vast parish woodlands.     Stormy weather would see everyone who could, go to collect wood.  Wood was essential for heating and cooking in the simple, damp cottages.
+All the parishioners were entitled to collect fallen wood from the vast [[parish woodlands]].     Stormy weather would see everyone who could, go to collect wood.  Wood was essential for heating and cooking in the simple, damp cottages.
 '''THROUGHOUT ENGLAND  AGRICULTURE PROSPERED'''
@@ Line 95: / Line 95: @@
 '''LORD GEORGE HENRY CAVENDISH'''
-As the nineteenth century dawned, Lord Cavendish learned of this unenclosed parish.   He was from one of the wealthiest families in the land.   He had access to money.
+As the nineteenth century dawned, [[Lord George Henry Cavendish]] learned of this unenclosed parish.   He was from one of the wealthiest families in the land.   He had access to money.
 '''LORD OF THE MANOR FINANCIALLY DISTRESSED'''
-The taxes imposed to fund the Napoleonic wars (1803 to 1815) had brought many people to their knees, Including the Lord of the Manor of Princes Risborough.   He was on the verge of bankruptcy.
+The taxes imposed to fund the Napoleonic wars (1803 to 1815) had brought many people to their knees, Including the [[Lord of the Manor]] of Princes Risborough.   He was on the verge of bankruptcy.
 '''A BUYER’S MARKET'''
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 '''ENCLOSURE of PRINCES RISBOROUGH 1823'''
-The result of the enclosures was that Lord Cavendish owned huge areas of land.   All the old parish arable strips were his, becoming fields for Culverton, Row (Wardrobes), and Brimmers Farms, which he owned.    He already owned Stocken Farm.
+The result of the enclosures was that Lord Cavendish owned huge areas of land.   All the old parish arable strips were his, becoming fields for [[Culverton Farm]], [[Row Farm, later called Wardrobes|Row Farm]]  (Wardrobes), and [[Brimmers Farm]]<nowiki/>s, which he owned.    He already owned [[Stocken Farm]].
 '''THE COMMON SOLD'''
-The extensive Common was divided into two large areas and sold.   Half was bought by Lord Cavendish and half by John Grubb, the Lord of the Manor.
+The extensive [[Common of Princes Risborough]] was divided into two large areas and sold.   Half was bought by Lord Cavendish and half by [[John Grubb]], the Lord of the Manor.
 '''THE PARISH WOODS'''
@@ Line 143: / Line 143: @@
 acres called Copeland near Longhead
-acres east of Purtewell
+acres east of Purtewell  ([[Pyrtle Spring]])
 acres called Purtewell-head
@@ Line 153: / Line 153: @@
 acres of meadow land in Bedmead
-acres in Bremers
+acres in Bremers ([[Brimmers Farm|Brimmers]])
-A close of wood and pasture called Stocking
+A close of wood and pasture called Stocking [[(Stocken Wood]] and [[Stocken Farm]])
 A close called Curr-close